Lithium battery fire and smoke events in aviation pose various safety risks. Studies by EASA, FAA, and ICAO highlight the risk of lithium battery and Personal Electronic Device (PED) fire and smoke in the flight deck. A fire of any magnitude in the flight deck is a serious event and a risk to flight safety, but lithium battery fires may be impossible to contain. It is the unique characteristics of a lithium battery thermal runaway event that creates an increased risk dimension to this hazard mitigation issue (...)