This IFALPA Pilot Assistance Manual is intended to provide key information for Pilot Member Associations who wish to establish or enhance existing pilot support programmes. A central aim of the manual is to help operators and regulators understand the development and implementation of these programmes. Such knowledge is important so that they, and all relevant stakeholders, can endorse the establishment of the programmes. This will be fundamental to their success. This Second Edition represents a 2022 update of the original 2018 manual. Much has changed in the field of mental health and wellbeing for pilots since the original version was written, and this edition will refresh the manual with the latest developments and innovations.